Washoe County tap water: hardness, PFAS and lead

Washoe County, Nevada has about 507,280 residents (Census 2024 estimate) and 25 community water systems in EPA records. The largest local system is Truckee Meadows Water Authority, serving about 442,000 people from surface water.

! 1 of 6 largest systems with health-based violationsPFAS detected at 2 of 4 sampled systemsHardness 4.6 gpg (low confidence)

Public-record figures, not a test of your tap. Not 100% accurate or guaranteed. Confirm with a water test, your utility or a qualified pro before you buy or act.

How hard is Washoe County water?

Truckee Meadows Water Authority Estimate: untreated local water, not your tap · Low confidence

4.6 gpg (79 mg/L), moderately hard

Washoe County: median of 3,893 results from 415 monitoring sites (streams and wells). Utilities may blend or treat water, so your tap can differ.

Source: Hard Water Map county data, samples through 2023

County estimates: Hard Water Map (hardwatermap.com), CC BY 4.0, derived from the USGS/EPA Water Quality Portal; file generated 2026-07-22. License

Public-record figures, not a test of your tap. Not 100% accurate or guaranteed. Confirm with a water test, your utility or a qualified pro before you buy or act.

Softener size at 4.6 gpg

For a 3-person home using 57 gallons per person per day and regenerating weekly, you'd remove about 5,506 grains between regenerations. Suggested size: 24,000 grain. This uses a low-confidence county estimate, so confirm with a test first.

Estimate only. Not 100% accurate or guaranteed. Confirm with a water test, your utility or a qualified pro before you buy or act.

Open the softener calculator with 4.6 gpg

Largest water systems in Washoe County

The 6 biggest of 25 community water systems on EPA records for this county. Service areas don't follow county lines; your water bill names your provider.

Truckee Meadows Water Authority

NV0000190 · serves about 442,000 people · Surface water

✓ No health-based violations✓ Lead below detectionPFAS detected (8 types)

Lead 90th percentile: <DL (below the lab detection/reporting limit; reported as 0) (period starting 2023-01-01) Older result. Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

  • PFOS: highest sample 20 ppt (6 of 142 samples); federal limit 4.0 ppt as a running annual average
  • PFHxS: highest sample 15 ppt (18 of 142 samples); federal limit 10.0 ppt as a running annual average, also counted in EPA's PFAS mixture (hazard index) limit (currently in effect; EPA has proposed removing it)
  • PFPeA: highest sample 13 ppt (6 of 142 samples); no federal limit
  • PFHxA: highest sample 12 ppt (7 of 142 samples); no federal limit
  • PFBA: highest sample 6.8 ppt (1 of 142 samples); no federal limit
  • PFBS: highest sample 5.7 ppt (9 of 142 samples); no individual limit; counted in EPA's PFAS mixture (hazard index) limit
  • PFOA: highest sample 5.5 ppt (3 of 142 samples); federal limit 4.0 ppt as a running annual average
  • PFHpA: highest sample 3.9 ppt (1 of 142 samples); no federal limit

EPA ECHO record

Sun Valley Gid

NV0000211 · serves about 17,000 people · Surface water

✓ No health-based violations✓ Lead below action level✓ No PFAS detected

Lead 90th percentile: 2 ppb (period starting 2022-01-01) Older result. Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

EPA ECHO record

Great Basin Water Co Cold Springs

NV0000207 · serves about 9,910 people · Groundwater

! 1 health-based violation✓ Lead below detectionPFAS detected (3 types)

Lead 90th percentile: <DL (below the lab detection/reporting limit; reported as 0) (period starting 2024-01-01). Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

  • PFPeA: highest sample 6.2 ppt (2 of 10 samples); no federal limit
  • PFBS: highest sample 5.1 ppt (1 of 10 samples); no individual limit; counted in EPA's PFAS mixture (hazard index) limit
  • PFHxA: highest sample 4.7 ppt (1 of 10 samples); no federal limit

EPA ECHO record

Incline Village Gid

NV0000158 · serves about 9,313 people · Surface water

✓ No health-based violations✓ Lead below action level✓ No PFAS detected

Lead 90th percentile: 1.4 ppb (period starting 2023-01-01) Older result. Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

EPA ECHO record

Great Basin Water Co Spanish Springs

NV0001086 · serves about 1,450 people · Groundwater

✓ No health-based violations✓ Lead below detectionPFAS: not sampled

Lead 90th percentile: <DL (below the lab detection/reporting limit; reported as 0) (period starting 2024-01-01). Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

EPA ECHO record

Steamboat Springs Waterworks Inc

NV0000282 · serves about 998 people · Groundwater

✓ No health-based violations✓ Lead below detectionPFAS: not sampled

Lead 90th percentile: <DL (below the lab detection/reporting limit; reported as 0) (period starting 2022-01-01) Older result. Action level: 15 ppb (drops to 10 ppb on Nov 1, 2027).

EPA ECHO record

Public-record figures, not a test of your tap. Not 100% accurate or guaranteed. Confirm with a water test, your utility or a qualified pro before you buy or act.

A PFAS detection is not a violation. Federal limits (4 ppt for PFOA and PFOS) apply to running annual averages, with compliance required by 2029. In May 2026 EPA proposed extending the PFOA/PFOS deadline to 2031 and removing other PFAS limits; not final as of 2026-10-21.

Test your own tap

These are public records for whole systems. Your home's pipes, fixtures and any private well can change what you drink. A certified lab test or a hardness test strip gives you your own numbers. Then use our PFAS and lead filter selector to see which certifications to look for.

Common questions about Washoe County water

Is tap water in Washoe County safe to drink?

1 of the 6 largest systems here have at least one health-based violation in EPA records since October 2021 (see each system below for status). Truckee Meadows Water Authority's most recent lead 90th percentile was below the lab detection limit (2023), below the 15 ppb action level. Public records can't guarantee what comes out of your tap, especially with older plumbing, so a home test is the surest check.

How hard is the water in Washoe County?

There's no published utility figure in our data, but untreated local stream and well samples in Washoe County have a median of about 4.6 grains per gallon (79 mg/L, moderately hard). That's a low-confidence estimate of source water, not your tap, so test before you buy equipment. For a 3-person home at 4.6 gpg, our softener calculator suggests a 24,000 grain unit as a starting point.

Is there PFAS in Washoe County water?

2 of the 4 sampled systems listed here detected at least one PFAS in EPA's UCMR 5 testing, and 3 results were above the level of a federal limit in at least one sample. A detection isn't a violation: federal PFAS limits apply to running annual averages starting in 2029.

Which water system serves my address in Washoe County?

Most homes are served by Truckee Meadows Water Authority or one of the other systems listed on this page, but service areas don't follow county lines. Your water bill names your provider, and its annual Consumer Confidence Report has the full test results.

More Nevada counties

Sources for this page

Data as of October 21, 2026. Figures are copied from public records and combined with our own calculations; they can be out of date or wrong. Tapped Out isn't affiliated with any utility or the EPA. Written and reviewed by the Tapped Out team. How we calculate · All sources.